Practice Areas

White-Collar Crimes

Investigations and Prosecutions for Economic Offences, from the first Summons to Trial and Appeal.

Economic Offences are investigated by specialised agencies under special statutes: the Enforcement Directorate under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, the Central Bureau of Investigation and state anti-corruption branches under the Prevention of Corruption Act, the Serious Fraud Investigation Office under the Companies Act, and the Economic Offences Wings of the police. These statutes carry their own rules on Summons, Attachment of property and Bail, and they differ sharply from ordinary criminal procedure.

Such cases are heavy on documents and run for years, usually alongside Civil, Tax or Insolvency Proceedings on the same transactions. Our Chamber advises from the first Summons and keeps the criminal defence consistent with those parallel Proceedings.

Scope of Work

Money Laundering

Proceedings under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.

  • Summons and Statements Under Section 50
  • Search, Seizure and Freezing Orders
  • Provisional Attachment and Proceedings Before the Adjudicating Authority
  • Appeals to the Appellate Tribunal and the High Court
  • Bail Under Section 45
  • Trial Before the Special Court

Corruption and CBI Cases

Cases under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, and allied offences.

  • Preliminary Enquiries and Regular Cases
  • Sanction for Prosecution and Challenges to It
  • Disproportionate Assets Cases
  • Trial Before Special Judges

Corporate and Financial Fraud

Offences arising from the affairs of companies and from lending.

  • Cheating, Criminal Breach of Trust and Forgery Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
  • SFIO Investigations and Prosecutions Under the Companies Act, 2013
  • Bank Fraud and Loan Default Cases
  • Economic Offences Wing Investigations
  • Complaints on Behalf of Defrauded Companies, Lenders and Investors

Tax, Customs and Foreign Exchange

Prosecutions and adjudication under the fiscal statutes.

  • GST Summons, Arrests and Prosecutions
  • Customs and DRI Cases
  • Income-Tax Prosecutions
  • FEMA Adjudication and Appeals

Connected Proceedings

Matters that travel with an Economic-Offence case.

  • Look-Out Circulars and Permission to Travel Abroad
  • Release of Attached Property and De-Freezing of Bank Accounts
  • Coordination With Insolvency, Arbitration and Regulatory Proceedings

Who This Concerns

  • Promoters, Directors and Key Managerial Personnel
  • Companies and Limited Liability Partnerships
  • Chartered Accountants, Company Secretaries and Other Professionals Named in Investigations
  • Public Servants
  • Bank Officials
  • Complainant Companies, Lenders and Investors

The Approach

  • Statements to an agency are prepared for; what is said under Summons is used later.
  • The documents are put in order before the agency puts them in order.
  • Criminal, civil and regulatory positions are kept consistent with one another.

Time Limits That Matter

StepTime LimitSource
Provisional Attachment of PropertyLasts up to 180 days unless confirmed by the Adjudicating Authority.Section 5, PMLA
Appeal to the Appellate Tribunal45 days from receipt of the Adjudicating Authority’s Order.Section 26, PMLA
Appeal to the High Court60 days from communication of the Appellate Tribunal’s Order.Section 42, PMLA

Stated generally. Time limits turn on the facts and on the amendments in force; take advice on your own dates.

Frequently Asked Questions

I Have Received a Summons From the Enforcement Directorate. What Does It Mean?

A Summons under Section 50 of the PMLA requires you to attend, produce documents or give a Statement. It does not by itself make you an Accused. Attendance is compulsory, the Statement is recorded as part of a Judicial Proceeding, and giving false information is an offence, so it is worth preparing for properly.

Is Bail Harder to Obtain in a Money-Laundering Case?

Yes. Section 45 of the PMLA adds two conditions to the ordinary law: the Prosecutor must be heard, and the Court must be satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe the Accused is not guilty and is unlikely to offend while on Bail. Courts have nonetheless granted Bail where the Trial is unlikely to finish within a reasonable time.

Can My Property Be Attached Before I Am Convicted?

Yes. The Enforcement Directorate can provisionally attach property it believes to be Proceeds of Crime for up to 180 days. The Attachment lapses unless the Adjudicating Authority confirms it after hearing the affected person, and that Order can be appealed to the Appellate Tribunal.

Can a Director Be Prosecuted for the Company’s Offence?

Most economic statutes make those who were in charge of and responsible for the company’s business at the time liable along with the company, and others where the offence was committed with their consent or connivance, or through their neglect. Being a director is not enough on its own; the Complaint must show the person’s role.

General information as of October 2026, not legal advice. Take advice on your own facts and dates.

To discuss a matter in this area, write to our Chamber with a brief outline.

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